伊朗王朝历史长河

Islamic Republic of Iran (1979 )

Founder: Ruhollah Khomeini

The Islamic Republic of Iran was established after the 1357 revolution and by voting for the Islamic Republic system in the referendum on April 12, 1358. This system is based on Islamic principles. The post-revolution era witnessed major developments, including the eight-year war with Iraq and extensive social and political changes. The Islamic Republic of Iran has a centralized and theocratic government structure in which the leadership plays a key role in determining the macro policies of the country.

Qajarians (1796 至 1925)

Founder: Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar

The Qajar dynasty was an Iranian dynasty founded by Mohammad Khan of the Qoyunlu clan of the Turkoman Qajar tribe.

Durrani (1747 至 1826)

Founder: Ahmad Shah Durrani

The Durrani Empire or the Afghan Empire, also known as the Sadozai Kingdom, was an Afghan empire that was founded by Ahmad Shah Durrani in 1747, that spanned parts of Central Asia, the Iranian plateau, and the Indian Subcontinent.

Hotakian (1709 至 1738)

Founder: Mirwais Khan Hotak

The Hotak dynasty was an Afghan monarchy founded by Ghilji Pashtuns that briefly ruled portions of Iran and Afghanistan during the 1720s.

Qara Qoyunlu or Kara Koyunlu (1378 至 1469)

Founder: Khaje Biram

The Qara Qoyunlu or Kara Koyunlu (Azerbaijani: Qaraqoyunlular), also known as the Black Sheep Turkomans, were a culturally Persianate, Muslim Turkoman monarchy that ruled over the territory comprising present-day Azerbaijan, Armenia, northwestern Iran, eastern Turkey, and northeastern Iraq from about 1374 to 1468.

Timurians (1370 至 1498)

Founder: Timur Gorkani

The Timurid Empire was a late medieval, culturally Persianate Turco-Mongol empire that dominated Greater Iran in the early 15th century, comprising modern-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, much of Central Asia, the South Caucasus, as well as parts of contemporary Pakistan, North India and Turkey.

Muzaffarids (1314 至 1393)

Founder: Amir Mubarezuddin

The Muzaffarid dynasty was a Muslim dynasty which came to power in Iran following the breakup of the Ilkhanate in the 14th century. At their zenith, they ruled a kingdom comprising Iranian Azerbaijan, Central Persia, and Persian Iraq. The Muzaffarids were known for their support of Arabic literature.

Ghorian (1148 至 1215)

Founder: Aladdin Hossein Ghori

The Ghurid dynasty was a Persianate dynasty of presumably eastern Iranian Tajik origin, which ruled from the 8th-century in the region of Ghor, and became an Empire from 1175 to 1215.

Ismailis (1090 至 1273)

Founder: Hasan Sabbah

The Nizari state (the Alamut state) was a Nizari Isma'ili Shia state founded by Hassan-i Sabbah after he took control of the Alamut Castle in 1090 AD, which marked the beginning of an era of Ismailism known as the "Alamut period". Their people were also known as the Assassins or Hashashins.

Seljuks (1037 至 1194)

Founder: Tughrolbeik

The Seljuk Empire, or the Great Seljuk Empire, was a high medieval, culturally Turco-Persian, Sunni Muslim empire, established and ruled by the Q?¯n?¯q branch of Oghuz Turks.

Buyid (932 至 1055)

Founder: Imad Doulah Ali

The Buyid dynasty, also spelled Buwayhid, was a Zaydi and, later, Twelver Shia dynasty of Daylamite origin, which mainly ruled over central and southern Iran and Iraq from 934 to 1062.

Safaris (861 至 1002)

Founder: Jacob Leith

The Saffarid dynasty was a Persianate dynasty of eastern Iranian origin that ruled over parts of Persia, Greater Khorasan, and eastern Makran from 861 to 1002. One of the first indigenous Persian dynasties to emerge after the Islamic conquest, the Saffarid dynasty was part of the Iranian Intermezzo.

Samanians (819 至 1004)

Founder: Ahmed bin Asad

Samanid dynasty, (819–999 ce), Iranian dynasty that arose in what is now eastern Iran and Uzbekistan. It was renowned for the impulse that it gave to Iranian national sentiment and learning.

Umayyad caliphate (661 至 750)

Founder: Muawiyah

The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty. Uthman ibn Affan, the third of the Rashidun caliphs, was also a member of the clan.

Paduspanians (655 至 1598)

Founder: 1st Padosban

The Baduspanids or Badusbanids (Persian: ?¨?§?¯?ˆ?³?¾?§?†?Œ?§?†, romanized: B?¢dusp?¢ni?¢n), were a local Iranian dynasty of Tabaristan which ruled over Ruyan/Rustamdar. The dynasty was established in 665, and with 933 years of rule as the longest dynasty in Iran, it ended in 1598 when the Safavids invaded and conquered their domains.

Dabuyid (642 至 760)

Founder: Gil Gilanshah

he Dabuyid dynasty, or Gaubarid dynasty, was a Zoroastrian Iranian dynasty that started in the first half of the 7th century as an independent group of rulers that ruled over Tabaristan and parts of western Khorasan. Dabuyid rule over Tabaristan and Khorasan lasted from around 642 to the Abbasid conquest in 760.

Parthians (-247 至 224)

Founder: Arshak I

The Parthians, known for their skilled horsemen and archers, established an empire that resisted Roman expansion in the East. They are celebrated for their art and architecture, which included the development of the distinctive Parthian style

Alexander's empire (-328 至 -312)

Founder: Alexander

Medes (-678 至 -550)

Founder: Diaco

The Elamite civilization, among the world’s oldest, was located in southwestern Iran and is known for its unique language and culture. Influenced by neighboring Sumerians, the Elamites maintained distinct societal practices, including a matrilineal system where lineage and power were passed through the female line. This system lasted until the Neo-Elamite period, showcasing the civilization’s complexity and historical significance.